Meckel-Gruber Syndrome (MKS)

Meckel-Gruber Syndrome (MKS) is a rare and lethal condition which is caused by gene mutations. It is characterized by herniation of the brain, enlarged kidneys with fluid-filled cysts, and having extra fingers and toes. The other symptoms vary among patients; these include neural tube defects, developmental problems concerning the eyes, urinary system, respiratory system, genitalia, heart, and bones. Unfortunately, such grave conditions often lead to infant death. In fact, the longest survival time is merely 28 months. MKS is named for Johann Meckel and Georg Gruber.