Kantianism

Kantianism is the belief in and study of the philosophy of the German philosopher Immanuel Kant who was born in Königsberg, Prussia, which is now Kaliningrad, Russia.

The term "Kantian" or "Kantianism," are used to describe contemporary positions in his philosophies of mind, epistemology, and ethics. Kant's thoughts about ethics are founded on a belief of rationality as the ultimate good and the belief that all people are basically rational beings. The the most important part of Kant's belief about ethics was the formulation of the "categorical imperative," which is the determing a criterion for whether a maxim is good or bad. Kantianism is comprised of a loose assemblage of other and diverse philosophies that share Kant’s concern with the exploration of nature of, and specifically the limits of, human knowledge with the eventual goal of raising philosophy to the level of a science, much like mathematics and physics.