Fictional Fictionalism

In Adler's psychoanalytic theory, the concept of fictional finalism refers to the way people’s behavior is mostly guided by “fictions” rather than past experiences. “Fictions” are beliefs, goals, and ideals held by the individual that give meaning to their actions and attribute significance to their life. According to Adler, fictions are developed during childhood to overcome feelings of inferiority and persevere throughout life as guiding lines for the individual's behavior. For example, Johnny believes he will work in a big company and earn a lot of money after finishing his degree, which motivates him to study for more hours. This is a “fiction” because his belief, which simultaneously represents a specific goal, cannot be proven to be real and might or might not occur at some point in his future. However, it strongly influences his present behavior, which is congruent with his “fiction”.