Encephalomyelitis

Encephalomyelitis came from the Greek words “enkephalos” which means “brain”, “myelos” which means “marrow” or “spinal cord”, and the suffix “-itis” which means “inflammation”. Hence, it is the inflammation of the brain and the spinal cord. This may be caused by an infection due to virus, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Thus, encephalomyelitis may be contagious as it can be transferred via respiratory secretions and feces. It may also be a result of non-infectious diseases and certain medications. The hallmark symptoms include fever, nausea, headache, and confusion. In severe cases, patients may present with hallucination, loss of consciousness, personality changes, memory loss, double vision, partial paralysis, muscle weakness, speech or hearing problems, and diminished judgment.